What are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas or fibromyomas, are noncancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They are made up of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary in size, from very small to large enough to fill the entire uterus. Fibroids in the uterus are commonly encountered in women as the incidence is almost 70 percent. Not all fibroids are symptomatic.
Types of Uterine Fibroids
There are several different types of uterine fibroids, each with its own distinct characteristics and location within the uterus.
- Submucosal fibroids: Submucous fibroids grow within the uterus’s cavity, distorting the shape of the uterus.
- Intramural fibroids: These fibroids grow within the uterus’s wall, causing the uterus to become enlarged.
- Subserosal fibroids: These fibroids grow on the outer surface of the uterus, and can sometimes become quite large, but it does not affect much the internal structure of the uterus.
- Pedunculated fibroids: These fibroids are attached to the uterus by a stalk and are the least common type of fibroid.
- Cervical fibroids: These fibroids grow in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids
Symptoms of uterine fibroids can vary depending on the size, location, and number of fibroids present. Some common symptoms of fibroids include:
- Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding: Fibroids can cause heavy or prolonged menstrual periods or periods that last longer than usual.
- Pelvic pain or pressure: Fibroids can cause a feeling of fullness or pressure in the pelvic area, as well as lower back pain.
- Frequent urination: Fibroids can press on the bladder and cause a frequent urge to urinate.
- Constipation: Fibroids can press on the rectum and cause constipation.
- Infertility: Fibroids can cause infertility by blocking the fallopian tubes or by affecting the implantation of a fertilized egg.
- Miscarriage: Fibroids can cause miscarriage by blocking the implantation of a fertilized egg or by causing abnormal growth of the placenta.
- Anemia: Heavy menstrual bleeding caused by fibroids can lead to anemia, a condition in which there is a lack of red blood cells.
It’s important to note that, not all women with fibroids experience symptoms and some women may have symptoms but not know that they have fibroids. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms so it’s important to consult with your gynecologist for proper diagnosis and treatment options.
